322c4d37-7f50-4084-a699-f91ca9b7383b BENTOMAT® The values determined to perform the LCA analysis originate from verified CETCO-Poland, Cetco Sp. z o.o. S.K.A. inventory data. The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general ITB PCR A. Production of the BENTOMAT® CLAY GEOSYNTHETIC BARRIERS is a line process in one factory of CETCO-Poland, Cetco Sp. zo.o. S.K.A. in Korpele (Poland). Allocation was done on product mass basis. All impacts from raw materials extraction are allocated in A1 module of the LCA. Specific impacts from line production of CETCO-Poland, Cetco Sp. zo.o. S.K.A were inventoried and were allocated to the BENTOMAT® CLAY GEOSYNTHETIC BARRIERS production. Utilization of packaging material was taken into consideration. Module A2 includes transport of raw materials from their suppliers to CETCO- -Poland, Cetco Sp. zo.o. S.K.A. in Korpele. Municipal wastes were allocated to module A3. Energy supply, emissions and wastes were inventoried and allocated to module A3. The life cycle analysis of the declared products covers “Product Stage”, A1-A4, C1-C4 and D modules (Cradle to Gate with options) in accordance with PN- EN 15804+A2 and ITB PCR A. The details of systems limits are provided in product technical report. All materials and energy consumption inventoried in factories were included in the calculations. It can be assumed that the total sum of omitted processes does not exceed 5% of all impact categories. In accordance with PN-EN 15804+A2, machines and facilities (capital goods) required for and during production are excluded, as is transportation of employees. 1 2026 2031 "2026-04-14" - "2031-04-14" 2026-04-14 - - BENTOMAT® – CLAY GEOSYNTHETIC BARRIERS (GBR-Cs) –are factory manufactured clay liners consisting of a layer of bentonite clay encased by at least two geotextiles which are needlepunched together. Additional flexible plastic membrane can be laminated to the outer geotextile. GBR-Cs are known for having consistently low permeability. They have the ability to seal around penetration, self-heal punctures and seal-seam at the overlaps.The bentonite is a naturally occurring mineral that is composed predominantly of smectite. Most bentonites are formed by the alteration of volcanic ash in marine environments and occur as layers sandwiched between other types of rocks. The smectite in most bentonites is the mineral montmorillonite, which is a dioctahedral smectite. Sodium bentonite-based GBR-Cs are designed to provide a hydraulic barrier against many leachates. The swelling bentonite fills up pore space and constricts the flow paths of water, resulting in a low permeability hydraulic barrier. What makes CETCO BENTOMAT® unique? - Needlepunched reinforcement ensure that CETCO GBR-Cs can withstand shear stresses on steep slopes. The high needlepunch density provides higher peak internal shear strengths, without relying on supplemental processing. - Granular bentonite creates less dust during installation than powdered bentonite and is less likely to shift through the needlepunch reinforcement process resulting in consistent hydraulic performance. - It can be custom engineered to meet the project specific needs, available in a many geotextile’s configurations. - Lamination capabilities to provide geocomposite products. What are the advantages of a BENTOMAT® GBR-C? - Self-healing and self-seaming – Sodium bentonite is a naturally occurring clay with a high affinity for water. When hydrated, sodium bentonite swells up to 15 times its original volume. This provides the ability to seal around penetrations, self-heal punctures, and self-seam at the overlaps. - Hydraulic performance – GBR-Cs have a total thickness of less than 1cm and provide better hydraulic performance than several centimeters of compacted clay. A fully hydrated GBR-C typically has a permeability of 2 x 10-11 m/sec, approximately 20 times lower than a typical compacted clay liner permeability. - Resistant to varying weather conditions – GBR-Cs are less likely to be impacted by freeze-thaw or desiccation-rewetting cycles. Freeze-thaw cycles frequently cause compacted clay liners to crack and lead to increased leakage. A clay geosynthetic barrier provides consistent performance and is not subject to performance decreases resulting from varying moisture content, density, or clay content, like compacted clay liners. Delivery and Packaging The BENTOMAT® CLAY GEOSYNTHETIC BARRIERS (GBR-Cs) are delivered in the form of rolls with standard dimensions of 5 m x 40 m. Other roll dimensions are available upon request. The rolls are packaged in a PE protective wrapping and marked with the manufacturer’s label. - EPD NPCR Part A: Construction products and services. Ver. 1.0. March 2021 specific dataset ecoinvent database (all versions) - ITB-EPD_950_CETCO-Poland-Cetco-Sp.-z-o.o.-S.K.A.-BENTOMAT.pdf Ph.D. Eng. Halina Prejzner EN 15804+A2 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 14025 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 21930 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant LCA.no AS 2026-05-07T13:22:56 ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD-Datenformaterweiterungen v1.2 00.03.000 2026-05-07T11:21:10.1606016Z ITB-EPD Poland 950/2026 CETCO-Poland, Cetco Sp. zo.o. S.K.A. true Free of charge for all users and uses None ITB-EPD Poland BENTOMAT® General reminder flow Output 1 1 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT) Total bruk av fornybar primærenergi (TPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (NRPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som råmateriale (NRPM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 14.600000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT) Total nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (PENRT) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of secondary material (SM) Bruk av sekundære materialer (SM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.007960000000 0.001650000000 0.000180000000 0.000599000000 0.000102000000 0.000411000000 0.000206000000 0.000000000000 -0.000529000000 kg Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF) Bruk av fornybart sekundære brensel (RSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.013300000000 0.000018000000 0.000000908000 0.000007860000 0.000000567000 0.000004530000 0.000002270000 0.000000000000 -0.000032100000 MJ Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF) Bruk av ikke fornybart sekundære brensel (NRSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.001420000000 0.000000000000 0.000901000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of net fresh water (FW) Netto bruk av ferskvann (W) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.029800000000 0.000601000000 0.001430000000 0.000162000000 0.000302000000 0.000154000000 0.000077200000 0.000094300000 -0.001580000000 m3 Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) Avhendet farlig avfall (HW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.285000000000 0.005500000000 0.002290000000 0.001920000000 0.000011500000 0.001380000000 0.000688000000 0.000000952000 -0.006100000000 kg Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD) Avhendet ikke-farlig avfall (NHW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.614000000000 0.147000000000 0.003240000000 0.041200000000 0.000599000000 0.024400000000 0.012200000000 2.490000000000 -0.170000000000 kg Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) Avhendet radioaktivt avfall (RW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000034800000 0.000042400000 0.000001400000 0.000000395000 0.000000835000 0.000000091600 0.000000045800 0.000003680000 -0.000002300000 kg Components for re-use (CRU) Komponenter for gjenbruk (CR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Materials for recycling (MFR) Materialer for resirkulering (MR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.002150000000 0.000052200000 0.012900000000 0.000016000000 0.000001150000 0.000003800000 0.000001900000 0.000000000000 -0.000011800000 kg Materials for energy recovery (MER) Materialer for energigjenvinning (MER) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Exported electrical energy (EEE) Eksportert elektrisk energi(EEE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Exported thermal energy (EET) Eksportert termisk energi (ETE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Forsurningspotensial for kilder på land og vann (AP) 0 undefined 0 0.011400000000 0.015500000000 0.001170000000 0.000304000000 0.000730000000 0.000335000000 0.000168000000 0.000221000000 -0.001040000000 mol H+ eqv. Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial -totalt (GWPtotal) 0 undefined 0 3.010000000000 0.675000000000 0.117000000000 0.094700000000 0.055000000000 0.083000000000 0.120000000000 0.026500000000 -0.025000000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - biogene kilder( GWP-biogenic) 0 undefined 0 -0.078000000000 0.000442000000 0.003060000000 0.000060500000 0.001920000000 0.000283000000 0.078200000000 0.000264000000 -0.000001490000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - fossile brensler (GWP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 3.090000000000 0.674000000000 0.114000000000 0.094600000000 0.053100000000 0.082700000000 0.041300000000 0.026200000000 -0.024900000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial arealbruk endringer i bruk av arealer (GWP-luluc) 0 undefined 0 0.001990000000 0.000431000000 0.000037700000 0.000031400000 0.000023000000 0.000032400000 0.000016200000 0.000026500000 -0.000114000000 kg CO2 eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) Økotoksisitet, ferskvann (ETP-fw) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 CTUe Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) Partikkelutslipp (PM) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 disease incidence Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine) Overgjødslingspotensial til hav (EP-marine), hav og jord 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg N eqv. Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater) Overgjødslingspotensial til ferskvann (EP-freshwater) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg P eqv. Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial) Overgjødslingspotensial til jord (EP-terrestrial) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 mol N eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, kreft (HTP-c) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 CTUh Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, andre effekter enn kreft (HTP-nc) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 CTUh Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) Ioniserende stråling, helseeffekt (IRP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kBq U235 eqv. Potential Soil quality index (SQP) Påvirkninger knyttet til arealbruksendringer / jordkvalitet (SQP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 unitless Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) Potensial for nedbryting av stratosfærisk ozon (ODP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000060800 0.000000095000 0.000000003770 0.000000002060 0.000000001340 0.000000019100 0.000000009560 0.000000007960 -0.000000004680 kg CFC 11 eqv. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) Potensial for fotokjemisk oksidantdanning (POCP) 0 undefined 0 0.009860000000 0.011500000000 0.000461000000 0.000461000000 0.000250000000 0.000338000000 0.000169000000 0.000240000000 -0.000299000000 kg NMVOC eqv. Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for fossile ressurser, fosile brensler (ADP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 70.800000000000 8.850000000000 1.990000000000 1.340000000000 1.110000000000 1.230000000000 0.613000000000 0.605000000000 -0.874000000000 MJ Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for ikke-fossile ressurser, mineraler (ADP-elements) 0 undefined 0 0.000011200000 0.000001390000 0.000000520000 0.000000326000 0.000000321000 0.000000293000 0.000000147000 0.000000088600 -0.000007420000 kg Sb-eqv. Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP) Utarmingspotensial for vannressurser (WDP) 0 undefined 0 1.570000000000 0.037800000000 0.036800000000 0.007030000000 0.023000000000 0.005670000000 0.002840000000 0.003510000000 -0.064700000000 m3 world eqv. Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial beregnet etter prinsippet om umiddelbar oksidasjon (GWP-IOBC) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg CO2 eqv.