| Key Data Set Information | |
| Reference year | 2023 |
| Name |
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| Technical purpose of product or process | Clinker paving is a natural surface material, fired from clay and sand. They are environmentally friendly. It is an excellent material for surfaces around the house, from terraces, paths, driveways, to squares and roads. Intended use/es: external surfaces for pedestrian and vehicular traffic, for laying on flexible ground. Basic sizes are: 200 x 100 x 51, 200 x 48.5 x 51, 200 x 200 x 40. Ceramic pavers of types TOBA, TYTAN, ALT CLASSIC, CLASSIC, ALT KRAKOW are manufactured in a traditional way in Hoffman kiln using the following materials: clay, sand and minor additives. The various colors are the result among others of clay firing or the glazing process. Ni-Zn powder is used as a coloring additive to the dark mass (Toba, Tytan, Alt Toba, Alt Tessin, Tessin). In the case of the production of yellow (Solaris, Alt Solaris) and orange (Alt Deco) products, manufacturer adds barium carbonate (clay from Gozdnica) to the clay. Technical data for product can be found at website. |
| General comment on data set | The data selected for LCA originate from ITB LCI questionnaires ( 1 manufacturing plant) completed by producer and verified via data audit. No data collected is older than f ive years and no generic datasets used are older than ten years. The representativeness, completeness, reliability, and consistency are judged as good. The background data for the processes come from the following resources database Ecoinvent v.3.9 ( minera ls, additives, energy carriers, waste treatment, and packaging). The background data for energy is national based on KOBiZE/GUS reports (Polish electricity mix and combustion factors for fuels). Specific (LCI) data quality analysis was a part of the input data verification. Where no background data was available, data gaps were complemented by literature research. The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general ITB PCR A v 1.6 . Production of the ceramic paver is a line process conducted in Patoka brickyard ( Allocation was done on product mass basis 6 4%)4%). All impacts associated with the extraction and processing of raw materials used for the production of ceramic products are allocated in module A1 of the LCA . I mpacts from the global line production were inventoried and 100% were allocated to the clay pavers production Water and energy consumption, associated emissions and generated wastes are allocated to module A3 Packaging materials were takien into consideration. Type of the EPD is: cradle to gate with options. The following life cycle stages were considered. Production stage including: A1 Raw material extraction and processing, A2 Transport to the manufacturer and A3 Manufacturing, A4 Transport to Site, A5 Installation, End of life stage: C1 Deconstruction, C2 Transport to waste processing, C3 Waste processing, C4 Disposal (landfill). This includes provision of all mat erials, products and energy, packaging processing and its transport, as well as waste processing up to the end of waste state or disposal of final residues. EPD includes D module declaration of all benefits and loads beyond product system. Energy and wate r consumption, emissions as well as information on generated wastes were inventoried and were included. It can be assumed that the total sum of omitted processes does not exceed 5% of all impact categories. In accordance with EN 15804+A2, machines and faci lities (capital goods) required for the production as well as transportation of employees were not included in LCA. 99.8% materials submitted for the formulations and production data were taken into consideration. In the assessment, all available data from production have been considered, i.e. all raw materials/elements used as per formulation process, utilized thermal energy for heating, and electric power consumption. Thus, material and energy flows contributing less than 1 % of mass or energy have been c onsidered. It can be assumed that the total sum of neglected processes does not exceed 0.5 % of energy use and mass per modules. |
| Copyright | Yes |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) |
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| Biogenic carbon content |
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| Time representativeness | |
| Data set valid until | 2028 |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Type of data set | EPD | ||||
| Subtype | average dataset | ||||
| LCA methodology report | |||||
| Data sources, treatment and representativeness | |||||
| Documentation of data quality management | |||||
| Data source(s) used for this data set | |||||
| Completeness | |||||
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| Compliance Declarations | |||||
| Compliance |
Compliance system name
EN 15804+A2
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
| Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
| Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
| Data generator | |
| Data set generator / modeller |
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| Data entry by | |
| Time stamp (last saved) | 2023-08-17T15:43:42 |
| Data set format(s) | |
| Publication and ownership | |
| UUID | 9a2f59b8-63fa-41f6-8f4a-bc15d7364d28 |
| Date of last revision | 2023-08-17T13:32:00.8885345Z |
| Data set version | 00.03.000 |
| Registration authority |
ITB-EPD Poland
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| Registration number | 487/2023 |
| Owner of data set | |
| Copyright | Yes |
| License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
| Access and use restrictions | None |
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Indicators of life cycle