9a2f59b8-63fa-41f6-8f4a-bc15d7364d28 Clay pavers The data selected for LCA originate from ITB LCI questionnaires ( 1 manufacturing plant) completed by producer and verified via data audit. No data collected is older than f ive years and no generic datasets used are older than ten years. The representativeness, completeness, reliability, and consistency are judged as good. The background data for the processes come from the following resources database Ecoinvent v.3.9 ( minera ls, additives, energy carriers, waste treatment, and packaging). The background data for energy is national based on KOBiZE/GUS reports (Polish electricity mix and combustion factors for fuels). Specific (LCI) data quality analysis was a part of the input data verification. Where no background data was available, data gaps were complemented by literature research. The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general ITB PCR A v 1.6 . Production of the ceramic paver is a line process conducted in Patoka brickyard ( Allocation was done on product mass basis 6 4%)4%). All impacts associated with the extraction and processing of raw materials used for the production of ceramic products are allocated in module A1 of the LCA . I mpacts from the global line production were inventoried and 100% were allocated to the clay pavers production Water and energy consumption, associated emissions and generated wastes are allocated to module A3 Packaging materials were takien into consideration. Type of the EPD is: cradle to gate with options. The following life cycle stages were considered. Production stage including: A1 Raw material extraction and processing, A2 Transport to the manufacturer and A3 Manufacturing, A4 Transport to Site, A5 Installation, End of life stage: C1 Deconstruction, C2 Transport to waste processing, C3 Waste processing, C4 Disposal (landfill). This includes provision of all mat erials, products and energy, packaging processing and its transport, as well as waste processing up to the end of waste state or disposal of final residues. EPD includes D module declaration of all benefits and loads beyond product system. Energy and wate r consumption, emissions as well as information on generated wastes were inventoried and were included. It can be assumed that the total sum of omitted processes does not exceed 5% of all impact categories. In accordance with EN 15804+A2, machines and faci lities (capital goods) required for the production as well as transportation of employees were not included in LCA. 99.8% materials submitted for the formulations and production data were taken into consideration. In the assessment, all available data from production have been considered, i.e. all raw materials/elements used as per formulation process, utilized thermal energy for heating, and electric power consumption. Thus, material and energy flows contributing less than 1 % of mass or energy have been c onsidered. It can be assumed that the total sum of neglected processes does not exceed 0.5 % of energy use and mass per modules. 1 2023 2028 2023-07-21 Clinker paving is a natural surface material, fired from clay and sand. They are environmentally friendly. It is an excellent material for surfaces around the house, from terraces, paths, driveways, to squares and roads. Intended use/es: external surfaces for pedestrian and vehicular traffic, for laying on flexible ground. Basic sizes are: 200 x 100 x 51, 200 x 48.5 x 51, 200 x 200 x 40. Ceramic pavers of types TOBA, TYTAN, ALT CLASSIC, CLASSIC, ALT KRAKOW are manufactured in a traditional way in Hoffman kiln using the following materials: clay, sand and minor additives. The various colors are the result among others of clay firing or the glazing process. Ni-Zn powder is used as a coloring additive to the dark mass (Toba, Tytan, Alt Toba, Alt Tessin, Tessin). In the case of the production of yellow (Solaris, Alt Solaris) and orange (Alt Deco) products, manufacturer adds barium carbonate (clay from Gozdnica) to the clay. Technical data for product can be found at website. EPD NPCR Part A: Construction products and services. Ver. 1.0. March 2021 average dataset ecoinvent database (all versions) 487/2023 Ph.D. Eng. Halina Prejzner EN 15804+A2 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 14025 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 21930 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant LCA.no AS 2023-08-17T15:43:42 ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD-Datenformaterweiterungen v1.2 00.03.000 2023-08-17T13:32:00.8885345Z ITB-EPD Poland 487/2023 Patoka Industries Ltd Sp. z o. o. true Free of charge for all users and uses None ITB-EPD Poland Clay pavers General reminder flow Output 1 1 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.016400000000 0.000708000000 0.217000000000 0.017700000000 0.002340000000 0.008600000000 0.003540000000 0.002480000000 0.000000000000 -0.026900000000 MJ Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.003190000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000031900000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT) Total bruk av fornybar primærenergi (TPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.019600000000 0.000708000000 0.217000000000 0.017700000000 0.002380000000 0.008600000000 0.003540000000 0.002480000000 0.001280000000 -0.026900000000 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (NRPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.373000000000 0.049300000000 1.660000000000 1.230000000000 0.020800000000 0.116000000000 0.247000000000 0.173000000000 0.000000000000 -0.234000000000 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som råmateriale (NRPM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.171000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.001710000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT) Total nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (PENRT) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.543000000000 0.049300000000 1.670000000000 1.230000000000 0.022600000000 0.116000000000 0.247000000000 0.173000000000 0.078900000000 -0.234000000000 MJ Use of secondary material (SM) Bruk av sekundære materialer (SM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000489000000 0.000016500000 0.000539000000 0.000414000000 0.000010400000 0.000010600000 0.000082700000 0.000057900000 0.000000000000 0.741000000000 kg Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF) Bruk av fornybart sekundære brensel (RSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000059500000 0.000000182000 0.000003440000 0.000004560000 0.000000631000 0.000000059100 0.000000911000 0.000000638000 0.000000000000 -0.000008590000 MJ Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF) Bruk av ikke fornybart sekundære brensel (NRSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000412000000 0.000000000000 0.000004120000 0.000093900000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of net fresh water (FW) Netto bruk av ferskvann (W) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000438000000 0.000006210000 0.020300000000 0.000155000000 0.000207000000 0.000031500000 0.000031000000 0.000021700000 0.000011400000 -0.000424000000 m3 Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) Avhendet farlig avfall (HW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.002310000000 0.000055400000 0.009160000000 0.001380000000 0.000115000000 0.000001200000 0.000277000000 0.000194000000 0.000000115000 -0.001630000000 kg Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD) Avhendet ikke-farlig avfall (NHW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.012800000000 0.000983000000 0.391000000000 0.024600000000 0.004040000000 0.000062400000 0.004920000000 0.003440000000 0.301000000000 -0.045500000000 kg Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) Avhendet radioaktivt avfall (RW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000215000 0.000000003680 0.000000572000 0.000000092100 0.000000007910 0.000000087000 0.000000018400 0.000000012900 0.000000444000 -0.000000616000 kg Components for re-use (CRU) Komponenter for gjenbruk (CR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Materials for recycling (MFR) Materialer for resirkulering (MR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000004840000 0.000000153000 0.210000000000 0.000003820000 0.002100000000 0.000000120000 0.000000764000 0.000000535000 0.000000000000 -0.000003160000 kg Materials for energy recovery (MER) Materialer for energigjenvinning (MER) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000032500 0.000000001240 0.000000053700 0.000000030900 0.000000000874 0.000000001050 0.000000006180 0.000000004320 0.000000000000 -0.000000294000 kg Exported electrical energy (EEE) Eksportert elektrisk energi(EEE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Exported thermal energy (EET) Eksportert termisk energi (ETE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Forsurningspotensial for kilder på land og vann (AP) 0 undefined 0 0.000155000000 0.000013500000 0.001200000000 0.000337000000 0.000013700000 0.000076000000 0.000067500000 0.000047200000 0.000026600000 -0.000279000000 mol H+ eqv. Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial -totalt (GWPtotal) 0 undefined 0 0.031800000000 0.003340000000 0.142000000000 0.083400000000 0.001770000000 0.006980000000 0.016700000000 0.011700000000 0.003190000000 -0.006650000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - biogene kilder( GWP-biogenic) 0 undefined 0 -0.000084800000 0.000011400000 0.004620000000 0.000284000000 0.000045500000 0.000200000000 0.000056800000 0.000039800000 0.000031900000 -0.000000399000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - fossile brensler (GWP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 0.031800000000 0.003320000000 0.138000000000 0.083100000000 0.001730000000 0.006850000000 0.016600000000 0.011600000000 0.003160000000 -0.006650000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial arealbruk endringer i bruk av arealer (GWP-luluc) 0 undefined 0 0.000014400000 0.000001300000 0.000058300000 0.000032600000 0.000000739000 0.000002400000 0.000006520000 0.000004570000 0.000003200000 -0.000030500000 kg CO2 eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) Økotoksisitet, ferskvann (ETP-fw) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 CTUe Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) Partikkelutslipp (PM) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 disease incidence Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine) Overgjødslingspotensial til hav (EP-marine), hav og jord 0 undefined 0 0.138000000000 0.000004070000 0.000537000000 0.000102000000 0.001380000000 0.000011000000 0.000020400000 0.000014300000 0.000009190000 -0.000024800000 kg N eqv. Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater) Overgjødslingspotensial til ferskvann (EP-freshwater) 0 undefined 0 0.000004590000 0.000000223000 0.000121000000 0.000005590000 0.000001260000 0.000013000000 0.000001120000 0.000000782000 0.000000917000 -0.000010100000 kg P eqv. Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial) Overgjødslingspotensial til jord (EP-terrestrial) 0 undefined 0 0.000394000000 0.000044400000 0.001520000000 0.001110000000 0.000019600000 0.000093000000 0.000222000000 0.000156000000 0.000100000000 -0.000333000000 mol N eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, kreft (HTP-c) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 CTUh Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, andre effekter enn kreft (HTP-nc) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 CTUh Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) Ioniserende stråling, helseeffekt (IRP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kBq U235 eqv. Potential Soil quality index (SQP) Påvirkninger knyttet til arealbruksendringer / jordkvalitet (SQP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 unitless Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) Potensial for nedbryting av stratosfærisk ozon (ODP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000000579 0.000000000769 0.000000004820 0.000000019200 0.000000000062 0.000000000140 0.000000003850 0.000000002690 0.000000000961 -0.000000001250 kg CFC 11 eqv. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) Potensial for fotokjemisk oksidantdanning (POCP) 0 undefined 0 0.000129000000 0.000013600000 0.000753000000 0.000340000000 0.000008960000 0.000026000000 0.000068000000 0.000047600000 0.000028900000 -0.000080000000 kg NMVOC eqv. Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for fossile ressurser, fosile brensler (ADP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 0.466000000000 0.049300000000 1.660000000000 1.230000000000 0.021800000000 0.116000000000 0.247000000000 0.173000000000 0.072900000000 -0.234000000000 MJ Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for ikke-fossile ressurser, mineraler (ADP-elements) 0 undefined 0 0.000000279000 0.000000011800 0.000000315000 0.000000295000 0.000000006060 0.000000033400 0.000000058900 0.000000041200 0.000000010700 -0.000001980000 kg Sb-eqv. Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP) Utarmingspotensial for vannressurser (WDP) 0 undefined 0 0.018300000000 0.000228000000 0.107000000000 0.005700000000 0.001250000000 0.002400000000 0.001140000000 0.000799000000 0.000424000000 -0.017300000000 m3 world eqv. Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial beregnet etter prinsippet om umiddelbar oksidasjon (GWP-IOBC) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv.