Key Data Set Information | |
Reference year | 2022 |
Name |
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Technical purpose of product or process | Bekaert (www.bekaert.com) is a global producer of steel wire reinforcement solutions for a wide range of applications. Fortifix® is a steel-based anti-reflective cracking interlayer solution covered by this EPD and is produced in the manufacturing plant located at Hlohovec, Slovakia. The mesh grid is built up from steel cords in longitudinal and cross direction, the steel cords are stitched to a carrier. Fortifix® 1-C & 2-C: with Closed carrier – PET non-woven (Fortifix® 1-C: highest steel density, Fortifix® 2-C: lowest steel density). The advanced steel cord structure is combined with a light-weight non-woven to provide optimal stability during the overlay process preventing rucking and pushing under site traffic. Figure 1 shows an application overview for Fortifix®. Specific product technical data is available at the manufacturer’s website, Bekaert.com. |
General comment on data set | The values determined to calculate A3 originate from verified Progress LCI inventory data. A1 values were prepared considering steel products characteristics based on Ecoinvent data. Allocation for steel production impacts is done in accordance with LCI data for Steel products Report compiled by Brayan Hughes and William Hare (2012 for World Steel Association). The background data for the processes come from the following databases: Ecoinvent v.3.8 (steel, zinc, nitrogen, HCl, WWD, ancillary items, packaging) and ZSE (Slovak electricity mix and combustion factors for fuels). Specific (LCI) data quality analysis was a part of the audit. The time related quality of the data used is valid (5 years). The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general ITB PCR A. Production of Fortifix® is a line process in a manufacturing plant located at Hlohovec, Slovakia (see Figure 2). Allocation of impacts is done on product mass basis where no specific allocation for Fortifix® production based on manufacturer information was provided. All impacts from raw materials production (wire rod, yarns, non-woven, WWD lubricants, HCl, Inhibitor, nitrogen, Zn blocks, foil, pallets) are allocated in A1 module of the LCA. Minimum 99% of the impacts from a line production were allocated to the product covered by this declaration. Module A2 includes product specific (100%) transport of raw materials such as steel (and other) from supplier to manufacturing plant (Hlohovec). Municipal wastes of the factory were allocated to module A3 (mass allocation). Specific energy use and electricity (ZSE) was inventoried and 100% was allocated to the product assessed. Emissions in the factory are assessed using Ecoinvent data for energy carriers. Minimum 99% input materials and 100% energy consumption (electricity, gas) were inventoried in the factory and were included in the calculation. In the assessment, all significant parameters from gathered production data are considered, i.e. all material used per formulation (main input is steel Wire Rod), utilized thermal energy, and electric power consumption, direct production waste and available emission measurements. Tires consumption for transport was not taken into account. Substances with a percentage share of less than 1% of total mass (borax, serdet, anthractite, salt, vermiculite) were excluded from the calculations. It is assumed that the total sum of omitted processes does not exceed 0,5% of all impact categories. In accordance with EN 15804 machines (for example Widia Dies) and facilities (capital goods) required for and during production are excluded, as is transportation of employees. |
Copyright | Yes |
Owner of data set | |
Quantitative reference | |
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Time representativeness | |
Data set valid until | 2027 |
Time representativeness description | "15.06.2022" - "15.06.2027" |
Technological representativeness |
Type of data set | EPD | ||||
Subtype | average dataset | ||||
LCA methodology report | |||||
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Compliance Declarations |
Compliance |
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
Data entry by | |
Time stamp (last saved) | 2022-10-03T15:51:45 |
Data set format(s) | |
Publication and ownership | |
UUID | e606ab4b-c8a7-4cc7-8229-479e27413748 |
Date of last revision | 2022-10-03T13:51:17.1277267Z |
Data set version | 00.03.001 |
Registration number | 337/2022 |
Owner of data set | |
Copyright | Yes |
License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
Indicators of life cycle