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General comment The values determined to calculate A3 originate from verified manufacturer inventory data. A1 values (raw materials) were prepared considering national specific data, Ecoinvent data and economic allocation (for a steel and energy coproducts - gypsum, slag and ash).
The allocation rules used for this EPD are based on general ITB PCR A. Production of cement is a line process (see figure 1). CEM II/A-M (S-LL) 52,5N is not the only CEM product and the allocation in the manufacturing plant (CEM I, CEM II, CEM III) was made on the mass basis allocation for mixing impacts and clinker mass allocation in the CEM product. For a slag (and steel) economic allocation was done. In the case of blast furnace slag use in cement production (other then CEM I), a co-product from steel production used as a cement constituent, economic allocation was applied. In the case of fly ash, eco-product from electricity production used as a cement constituent, economic allocation was applied. For a synthetic gypsum, allocated impacts are also economic based. Subsequent processes (e.g. granulation and grinding of blast furnace slag) were entirely allocated to the co-products. Minimum 99.5% of impacts from the production lines were allocated to product covered by this declaration. Energy supply was inventoried and allocated to the product assessed on the mass basis. Emissions allocated in clinker production are assessed using international methods for emission system declaration.
99.0% materials and 100% energy consumption were inventoried in a factory and were included in calculation. In the assessment, all significant parameters from gathered production data are considered, i.e. all raw material used per formulation, utilized energy, and electric power consumption, direct production waste, and available emission measurements. The following processes were excluded from the LCA study: use of chromate reducing agents and use of grinding balls. The total of neglected input flows per module A1-A3 does not exceed the permitted maximum of 1 % of energy usage and product mass. Tires consumption for transport was not taken into account. The components like: dyes, foils, papers, labels, tapes with a percentage share of less than 0.1% were not included in the calculations. It is assumed that the total sum of omitted processes does not exceed 1% of all impact categories. In accordance with EN 15804 machines and facilities (capital goods) required for and during production are excluded, as is transportation of employees.
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